Quicksort in C: solved exercise with Lomuto partition

Quicksort in C: solved exercise

If you searched for quicksort in C solved exercise, this example implements the classic Lomuto partition version.

Problem statement

Sort an integer array using quicksort and print the final order.

C solution

#include <stdio.h>

int partition(int a[], int l, int r) {
    int piv = a[r];
    int i = l - 1;

    for (int j = l; j < r; j++) {
        if (a[j] <= piv) {
            i++;
            int tmp = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = tmp;
        }
    }

    int tmp = a[i + 1]; a[i + 1] = a[r]; a[r] = tmp;
    return i + 1;
}

void quicksort(int a[], int l, int r) {
    if (l < r) {
        int p = partition(a, l, r);
        quicksort(a, l, p - 1);
        quicksort(a, p + 1, r);
    }
}

int main(void) {
    int a[] = {10, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5};
    int n = sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]);

    quicksort(a, 0, n - 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d ", a[i]);
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

Expected output

1 5 7 8 9 10

Complexity

• Average: O(n log n)
• Worst case: O(n^2)

Common mistakes

• Wrong recursion bounds (p - 1, p + 1).
• Ignoring pivot behavior on nearly sorted input.
• Mixing Lomuto with Hoare partition logic.

Practical use

Quicksort ideas appear in ranking engines and preprocessing for fast lookup workflows.

Recommended next exercise

• Merge sort in C: solved exercise with divide and conquer
• Binary search in C: solved exercise on sorted arrays
• Binary tree in C: solved insertion and search exercise
• All C exercises

Guided practice and full book

If you want a complete path with progressive difficulty:

• Programming in C in 100 Solved Exercises
• View on Amazon (included in Kindle Unlimited)

FAQ

Is this exercise useful for C exams and technical interviews?

Yes. It targets patterns that commonly appear in practice assignments, technical interviews, and C programming exams.

Where can I keep practicing with more solved C exercises?

In Programming in C in 100 Solved Exercises and C Exercises. Kindle Unlimited: View on Amazon.

How should I practice this exercise type to improve faster?

Start with small inputs, run edge cases (empty, one item, max capacity), then rewrite the solution from scratch without copying.